Examination of Milstein Ru-PNN and Rh-Tribi/Tetrabi dual metal catalyst for isomerization-linear-hydroformylation of C4 raffinate and internal olefins

Isomerization-linear-hydroformylation is demanding, however, not an addressed issue, for the production of value-added linear aldehydes by converting cheap and abundant internal alkenes available from bio- & petrochemical industry. In this paper, a dual metal catalysis system combining Ru-isomerization catalyst Rh-linear-hydroformylation satisfying “4S” criterions was reported isomerization-linear-hydroformylation C4 raffinate (mixed butenes) olefins. The optimized hydroformylated Raffinate II feed to valuable valeraldehyde in 98% selectivity (n:i ​= ​49), 80% conversion high activity 1069 h−1 TOF whereas 96% ​24), 71% 948 were observed using only Rh-hydroformylation catalyst. Notably, are produced million tons scale annually making non-toxic plasticizer DPHP. Various 2-olefins also converted > ​> 78%–82% 802–851 TOF.